[FE training-materials-updates] Added lab instructions in LaTeX
Michael Opdenacker
michael.opdenacker at free-electrons.com
Tue Feb 7 11:21:28 CET 2012
Resent after issues with e-mail delivery (investigating)
- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
http://git.free-electrons.com/training-materials/commit/?id=b22233b44117071af0a60066cb039287a42e0b5b
commit b22233b44117071af0a60066cb039287a42e0b5b
Author: Michael Opdenacker <michael at free-electrons.com>
Date: Tue Feb 7 10:45:53 2012 +0100
Added lab instructions in LaTeX
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8a0742
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+
+# Needed tools
+INKSCAPE = inkscape
+PDFLATEX = pdflatex
+DIA = dia
+EPSTOPDF = epstopdf
+
+# List of labs for the different courses
+SYSDEV_LABS = setup \
+ sysdev-toolchain \
+ sysdev-u-boot \
+ sysdev-kernel-fetch-and-patch \
+ sysdev-kernel-cross-compiling \
+ sysdev-tinysystem \
+ sysdev-block-filesystems \
+ sysdev-flash-filesystems \
+ sysdev-thirdparty \
+ sysdev-buildroot \
+ sysdev-application-development \
+ sysdev-application-debugging \
+ sysdev-real-time \
+ sysdev-mdev \
+ backup
+KERNEL_LABS = setup \
+ kernel-sources \
+ kernel-module-environment \
+ kernel-module-simple \
+ kernel-serial-iomem \
+ kernel-serial-output \
+ kernel-serial-interrupt \
+ kernel-locking \
+ kernel-debugging \
+ kernel-serial-driver \
+ kernel-power-management \
+ kernel-git \
+ backup
+
+# Output directory
+OUTDIR = $(PWD)/out
+
+# Environment for pdflatex, which allows it to find the stylesheet in the
+# common/ directory.
+PDFLATEX_ENV = TEXINPUTS=.:$(PWD)/common:
+
+# Arguments passed to pdflatex
+PDFLATEX_OPT = -shell-escape -file-line-error -halt-on-error
+
+# The common slide stylesheet
+STYLESHEET = common/beamerthemeFreeElectrons.sty
+
+#
+# === Picture lookup ===
+#
+
+# Function that computes the list of pictures of the extension given
+# in $(2) from the directories in $(1), and transforms the filenames
+# in .pdf in the output directory. This is used to compute the list of
+# .pdf files that need to be generated from .dia or .svg files.
+PICTURES_WITH_TRANSFORMATION = \
+ $(patsubst %.$(2),$(OUTDIR)/%.pdf,$(foreach s,$(1),$(wildcard $(s)/*.$(2))))
+
+# Function that computes the list of pictures of the extension given
+# in $(2) from the directories in $(1). This is used for pictures that
+# to not need any transformation, such as bitmap files in the .png or
+# .jpg formats.
+PICTURES_NO_TRANSFORMATION = \
+ $(patsubst %,$(OUTDIR)/%,$(foreach s,$(1),$(wildcard $(s)/*.$(2))))
+
+# Function that computes the list of pictures from the directories in
+# $(1) and returns output filenames in the output directory.
+PICTURES = \
+ $(call PICTURES_WITH_TRANSFORMATION,$(1),svg) \
+ $(call PICTURES_WITH_TRANSFORMATION,$(1),dia) \
+ $(call PICTURES_NO_TRANSFORMATION,$(1),png) \
+ $(call PICTURES_NO_TRANSFORMATION,$(1),jpg)
+
+# List of common pictures
+COMMON_PICTURES = $(call PICTURES,common)
+
+default: help
+
+#
+# === Compilation of labs ===
+#
+
+ifdef LABS
+# Compute the set of chapters to build depending on the name of the
+# PDF file that was requested.
+ifeq ($(LABS),full-kernel)
+LABS_VARSFILE = common/kernel-labs-vars.tex
+LABS_CHAPTERS = $(KERNEL_LABS)
+else ifeq ($(LABS),full-sysdev)
+LABS_VARSFILE = common/sysdev-labs-vars.tex
+LABS_CHAPTERS = $(SYSDEV_LABS)
+else
+LABS_VARSFILE = common/single-labs-vars.tex
+LABS_CHAPTERS = $(LABS)
+endif
+
+# Compute the set of corresponding .tex files and pictures
+LABS_TEX = \
+ $(LABS_VARSFILE) \
+ common/labs-header.tex \
+ $(foreach s,$(LABS_CHAPTERS),$(wildcard labs/$(s)/$(s).tex)) \
+ common/labs-footer.tex
+LABS_PICTURES = $(call PICTURES,$(foreach s,$(LABS_CHAPTERS),labs/$(s))) $(COMMON_PICTURES)
+
+%-labs.pdf: common/labs.sty $(LABS_TEX) $(LABS_PICTURES)
+ @mkdir -p $(OUTDIR)
+# We generate a .tex file with \input{} directives (instead of just
+# concatenating all files) so that when there is an error, we are
+# pointed at the right original file and the right line in that file.
+ rm -f $(OUTDIR)/$(basename $@).tex
+ for f in $(filter %.tex,$^) ; do \
+ echo -n "\input{../" >> $(OUTDIR)/$(basename $@).tex ; \
+ echo -n $$f | sed 's%\.tex%%' >> $(OUTDIR)/$(basename $@).tex ; \
+ echo "}" >> $(OUTDIR)/$(basename $@).tex ; \
+ done
+ (cd $(OUTDIR); $(PDFLATEX_ENV) $(PDFLATEX) $(basename $@).tex)
+# The second call to pdflatex is to be sure that we have a correct table of
+# content and index
+ (cd $(OUTDIR); $(PDFLATEX_ENV) $(PDFLATEX) $(basename $@).tex > /dev/null 2>&1)
+# We use cat to overwrite the final destination file instead of mv, so
+# that evince notices that the file has changed and automatically
+# reloads it (which doesn't happen if we use mv here). This is called
+# 'Maxime's feature'.
+ cat out/$@ > $@
+else
+FORCE:
+%-labs.pdf: FORCE
+ @$(MAKE) $@ LABS=$*
+endif
+
+#
+# === Picture generation ===
+#
+
+.PRECIOUS: $(OUTDIR)/%.pdf
+
+$(OUTDIR)/%.pdf: %.svg
+ @printf "%-15s%-20s->%20s\n" INKSCAPE $(notdir $^) $(notdir $@)
+ @mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ifeq ($(V),)
+ $(INKSCAPE) -D -A $@ $< > /dev/null 2>&1
+else
+ $(INKSCAPE) -D -A $@ $<
+endif
+
+$(OUTDIR)/%.pdf: $(OUTDIR)/%.eps
+ @printf "%-15s%-20s->%20s\n" EPSTOPDF $(notdir $^) $(notdir $@)
+ @mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(EPSTOPDF) --outfile=$@ $^
+
+.PRECIOUS: $(OUTDIR)/%.eps
+
+$(OUTDIR)/%.eps: %.dia
+ @printf "%-15s%-20s->%20s\n" DIA $(notdir $^) $(notdir $@)
+ @mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(DIA) -e $@ -t eps $^
+
+.PRECIOUS: $(OUTDIR)/%.png
+
+$(OUTDIR)/%.png: %.png
+ @mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ @cp $^ $@
+
+.PRECIOUS: $(OUTDIR)/%.jpg
+
+$(OUTDIR)/%.jpg: %.jpg
+ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ @cp $^ $@
+
+#
+# === Misc targets ===
+#
+
+clean:
+ $(RM) -rf $(OUTDIR) *.pdf
+
+help:
+ @echo "Available targets:"
+ @echo
+ @echo " full-sysdev-labs.pdf Complete labs for the 'sysdev' training"
+ @echo " full-kernel-labs.pdf Complete labs for the 'kernel' training"
+ @echo " <some-chapter>-labs.pdf Labs for a particular chapter in labs/"
+ @echo
diff --git a/common/android-labs-vars.tex b/common/android-labs-vars.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e46986e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/android-labs-vars.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+\def\labbooktitle{Android Training}
+\def\labbookurl{http://free-electrons.com/doc/training/android/}
diff --git a/common/android-title.tex b/common/android-title.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..566e5c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/android-title.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+\authors{Maxime Ripard}
+\title{Android System Development}
+\trainingurl{http://free-electrons.com/docs/android}
+
+\chapterframe{Android System Development}
diff --git a/common/beamerthemeFreeElectrons.sty b/common/beamerthemeFreeElectrons.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f93584b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/beamerthemeFreeElectrons.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+% Beamer theme for Free-Electrons presentations
+% Copyright (C) 2010 Maxime Petazzoni <maxime.petazzoni at bulix.org>
+% Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0
+
+\usepackage[absolute,verbose,overlay]{textpos}
+\usepackage{fancyvrb}
+\setlength{\TPHorizModule}{\paperwidth}
+\setlength{\TPVertModule}{\paperheight}
+
+\usetheme{default}
+\useinnertheme{default}
+\useoutertheme{default}
+\usecolortheme{seahorse}
+
+% Define the "Free-Electrons blue" color
+\definecolor{feblue}{rgb}{0.5976,0.5976,0.7968}
+\setbeamercolor*{palette primary}{bg=feblue}
+
+\definecolor{fecode}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
+\setbeamercolor{code}{fg=fecode}
+
+\definecolor{fecodebg}{rgb}{0.7,0.7,0.7}
+\setbeamercolor{block body}{bg=fecodebg}
+
+\setbeamertemplate{blocks}[rounded][shadow=true]
+
+% Custom free-electrons commands
+\newcommand{\klink}[1]{\href{http://lxr.linux.no/?=#1}{\usebeamercolor[fg]{code} {\tt #1}}}
+\newcommand{\code}[1]{{\usebeamercolor[fg]{code} \path{#1}}}
+
+\usepackage{listings}
+\usepackage{environ}
+\usepackage{minted}
+
+\lstloadlanguages{C}
+\lstset{%
+ basicstyle=\tiny \ttfamily,
+ emphstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries\ttfamily,
+}
+
+\lstnewenvironment{codeblock}
+ {\begin{block}{}}
+ {\end{block}}
+
+
+
+
+%% Mode presentation
+\mode<presentation>
+
+% Remove navigation symbols
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+
+\defbeamertemplate*{frametitle}{fetheme}
+{
+ \vskip-2pt
+ \hbox{%
+ \begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=\paperwidth,ht=3ex,dp=1.5ex]{frametitle}%
+ \usebeamerfont{frametitle}
+ \begin{textblock}{.2}[0.5,0.5](0.12,0.07)
+ \includegraphics[width=1cm]{common/logo-penguins.pdf}
+ \end{textblock}
+ \hspace{1.25cm}
+ \insertframetitle
+ \end{beamercolorbox}
+ }
+}
+
+% Footer
+\defbeamertemplate*{footline}{fetheme}
+{
+ \hbox{%
+ \begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=\paperwidth,ht=2.25ex,dp=1ex,leftskip=0.5em]{palette primary}%
+ \Tiny
+ \begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} lr}
+ Free Electrons. Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux development,
+ consulting, training and support.
+ ~{\tt http://free-electrons.com} & \insertframenumber{}
+ \end{tabular*}
+ \end{beamercolorbox}
+ }
+ \vskip0pt
+}
+
+\newcommand\tinyv{\@setfontsize\tinyv{4pt}{6}}
+
+\newcommand{\@authors}{}
+\newcommand{\authors}[1]
+{
+ \renewcommand{\@authors}{#1}
+}
+
+\newcommand{\@trainingurl}{}
+\newcommand{\trainingurl}[1]
+{
+ \renewcommand{\@trainingurl}{#1}
+}
+
+\newcommand\chapterframe[1]{
+ \begin{frame}{#1}
+ \begin{columns}[b]
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \huge
+ #1\\
+ \vspace{0.5cm}
+ \footnotesize
+ \@authors\\
+ {\bf Free Electrons}\\
+ \vspace{1cm}
+ \tinyv
+ © Copyright 2009-\the\year, Free Electrons.\\
+ Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.\\
+ Latest update: \today.\\
+ Document sources, updates and translations:\\
+ \url{\@trainingurl}\\
+ Corrections, suggestions, contributions and translations are welcome!
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \includegraphics[height=4cm]{common/logo-square.pdf}
+ \end{columns}
+ \end{frame}
+ \section{#1}
+}
+
+\newcommand\chapterframewithlabel[2]{
+ \begin{frame}{#1}
+ \begin{columns}[b]
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \huge
+ #2\\
+ \vspace{0.5cm}
+ \footnotesize
+ \@authors\\
+ {\bf Free Electrons}\\
+ \vspace{1cm}
+ \tinyv
+ © Copyright 2009-\the\year, Free Electrons.\\
+ Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.\\
+ Latest update: \today.\\
+ Document sources, updates and translations:\\
+ \url{\@trainingurl}\\
+ Corrections, suggestions, contributions and translations are welcome!
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \includegraphics[height=4cm]{common/logo-square.pdf}
+ \end{columns}
+ \end{frame}
+ \section{#2}
+}
+
+\newcommand\subchapterframe[2]{
+ \begin{frame}{#1}
+ \huge
+ \begin{center}
+ #2
+ \end{center}
+ \end{frame}
+}
+
+%% Create a slide announcing a lab, with the beautiful worker penguin
+%% on the left.
+%% first argument: slide title (will be prepended by 'Practical lab - ')
+%% second argument: contents of the slide
+\newcommand\setuplabframe[2]{
+ \begin{frame}{Practical lab - #1}
+ \begin{columns}
+ \column{0.4\textwidth}
+ \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{common/lab-penguin.png}
+ \column{0.6\textwidth}
+ #2
+ \end{columns}
+ \end{frame}
+}
+
+
+\newcommand\todo[1]{
+ {\large \color{red}TODO: #1}
+}
diff --git a/common/kernel-labs-vars.tex b/common/kernel-labs-vars.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e27f9bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/kernel-labs-vars.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+\def\labbooktitle{Linux kernel and driver development training}
+\def\labbookurl{http://free-electrons.com/doc/training/linux-kernel/}
diff --git a/common/kernel-title.tex b/common/kernel-title.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fd74a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/kernel-title.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+\begin{frame}{Linux kernel and device driver development}
+ \begin{columns}[b]
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \huge
+ Linux kernel and device driver development\\
+ \vspace{1cm}
+ \normalsize
+ Grégory Clément, Michael Opdenacker, Thomas Petazzoni\\
+ {\bf Free Electrons}
+ \column{0.5\textwidth}
+ \includegraphics[height=4cm]{common/logo-square.pdf}
+ \end{columns}
+\end{frame}
diff --git a/common/lab-penguin.png b/common/lab-penguin.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8c5a6b
Binary files /dev/null and b/common/lab-penguin.png differ
diff --git a/common/labs-footer.tex b/common/labs-footer.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b47932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/labs-footer.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+\end{document}
diff --git a/common/labs-header.tex b/common/labs-header.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afb6021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/labs-header.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+\documentclass[a4wide]{book}
+
+\usepackage{labs}
+\usepackage{listings}
+
+\title{\labbooktitle \\ \vspace{1cm} Lab Book}
+\trainingurl{\labbookurl}
+
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+
+\makeabout
+
diff --git a/common/labs.sty b/common/labs.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcd5cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/labs.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+
+%% Remove indentation on the first line of each paragraph, and add
+%% some space between each paragraph.
+\usepackage{parskip}
+
+%% Use a more modern, and less LaTeX-old-style-looking font.
+\usepackage{palatino}
+
+%% Use more reasonable margins. We keep a different outer margin than
+%% the inner margin so that the holes needed for the binders are
+%% properly taken into account.
+\usepackage[vmargin=3cm, inner=4cm, outer=3cm]{geometry}
+
+%% Package used to adjust the vertical space before and
+%% after \chapter, \section
+\usepackage[pagestyles]{titlesec}
+
+%% We want hyphenation to be allowed after spaces and hyphens, and we
+%% want the URL package to retain spaces in the URLS.
+\usepackage[obeyspaces,spaces,hyphens]{url}
+
+\ProvidesPackage{labs}[28/03/2011 - First rework of labs training templates]
+
+% Extensions
+\RequirePackageWithOptions{inputenc}
+
+\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
+\RequirePackage{hyperref}
+\RequirePackage{wrapfig}
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+
+%%
+%% Modify Latex constant and environments to fit our needs
+%%
+
+%% Adjust style of \chapter, using the titlesec package
+\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
+ {\normalfont\huge\bfseries}{}{0pt}{\Huge}
+\titlespacing*{\chapter} {0pt}{0pt}{3pt}
+
+%% Adjust style of \section, using the titlesec package
+\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{4pt}{4pt}
+
+%% Set the font of the marginpar env to footnote size (some kind of hack.)
+\let\oldmarginpar\marginpar
+\renewcommand\marginpar[1]{\-\oldmarginpar[\raggedleft\footnotesize #1]%
+{\raggedright\footnotesize #1}}
+
+%% Add a \chapter{}{} command so that we can add a subtitle to the chapter
+\newcommand{\subchapter}[2]
+{
+ \chapter{#1}
+ {\Large \it #2}
+ \vspace{\headsep}
+}
+
+%% Set up the constants
+\newcommand{\@laburl}{}
+\newcommand{\@docurl}{}
+\newcommand{\@trainingurl}{}
+
+\newcommand{\@feurl}{http://free-electrons.com}
+\newcommand{\@cchref}
+{
+ \href{http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/}{Creative Commons CC BY-SA 3.0 licence}
+}
+
+\author{Free Electrons \\\url{\@feurl}}
+
+\newcommand{\@ccimg}{common/logo-cc.pdf}
+
+\newcommand{\trainingurl}[1]
+{
+ \renewcommand{\@trainingurl}{#1}
+}
+
+\newcommand{\ccimg}[1]
+{
+ \renewcommand{\@ccimg}{#1}
+}
+
+%% Define the url style
+\hypersetup{colorlinks=true, urlcolor=blue, linkcolor=blue}
+
+%% Disable chapter, section and subsection numbering
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{-1}
+
+%% Reset headers and footer
+\fancyhead{}
+\fancyfoot{}
+
+%% And now set them back
+\setlength{\headheight}{15pt}
+\pagestyle{fancy}
+
+%% Set the default layout
+\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.5pt}
+\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.5pt}
+
+\fancyhead[LE,LO]{Free Electrons}
+\fancyhead[RE,RO]{\labbooktitle}
+\fancyfoot[RE,LO]{\copyright~2004-\the\year~\href{http://free-electrons.com}{Free Electrons}, CC BY-SA license}
+\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage}
+
+\fancypagestyle{plain}{%
+\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.5pt}
+\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.5pt}
+}
+
+\setlength{\textheight}{630px}
+
+\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
+
+%% Defining our customs commands
+
+%% Define a \code command to be used for file paths, function names
+%% and other pieces of texts that must be typeset with a fixed-size
+%% font, and that are present in a paragraph with other text. We use
+%% the \path{} command of the 'url' package because it provides
+%% correct hyphenation on slashes, and also avoids the need to escape
+%% characters such as _ $ or &.
+\newcommand{\code}[1]
+{\path{#1}}
+
+\newcommand{\makeabout}
+{
+ \section{About this document}
+
+ This document can be found on \url{\@trainingurl}.\\
+
+ It is composed of several source documents that we aggregate for each training
+ session. These individual source documents can be found on \url{http://free-electrons.com/docs}.\\
+
+ More details about our training sessions can be found on \url{http://free-electrons.com/training}.\\
+
+ \section{Copying this document}
+
+ \copyright~2004-\the\year, Free Electrons, \url{\@feurl}.\\
+
+ \begin{wrapfigure}{l}{0.1\textwidth}
+ \vspace{-15pt}
+ \begin{center}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.08\textwidth]{\@ccimg}
+ \end{center}
+ \end{wrapfigure}
+
+ This document is released under the terms of the \@cchref. This means that you
+ are free to download, distribute and even modify it, under certain conditions.
+ \\
+
+ Corrections, suggestions, contributions and translations are welcome!
+\newpage
+}
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/common/minted.sty b/common/minted.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e0585c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/minted.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `minted.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% minted.dtx (with options: `package')
+%% Copyright 2010--2011 Konrad Rudolph
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
+%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
+%% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+%% The latest version of this license is in
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
+%% version 2005/12/01 or later.
+%%
+%% Additionally, the project may be distributed under the terms of the new BSD
+%% license.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%%
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Konrad Rudolph.
+%%
+%% This work consists of the files minted.dtx and minted.ins
+%% and the derived file minted.sty.
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{minted}[2011/09/17 v1.7 Yet another Pygments shim for LaTeX]
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+\RequirePackage{fancyvrb}
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+\else
+ \providecommand\DeleteFile[1]{\immediate\write18{rm #1}}
+\fi
+\newboolean{AppExists}
+\newcommand\TestAppExists[1]{
+ \ifwindows
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.aex}
+ \immediate\write18{for \string^\@percentchar i in (#1.exe #1.bat #1.cmd)
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+ \endlinechar=\@tmp at cr
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\@apppathifexists}{}}
+ {\AppExistsfalse}
+ {\AppExiststrue}
+ \immediate\closein\@appexistsfile
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.aex}
+\immediate\typeout{file deleted}
+ \else
+ \immediate\write18{which #1 && touch \jobname.aex}
+ \IfFileExists{\jobname.aex}
+ {\AppExiststrue
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.aex}}
+ {\AppExistsfalse}
+ \fi}
+\newcommand\minted at resetoptions{}
+\newcommand\minted at defopt[1]{
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\minted at resetoptions\expandafter{%
+ \minted at resetoptions
+ \@namedef{minted at opt@#1}{}}}
+\newcommand\minted at opt[1]{
+ \expandafter\detokenize%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\csname minted at opt@#1\endcsname}}
+\newcommand\minted at define@opt[3][]{
+ \minted at defopt{#2}
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}{
+ \define at key{minted at opt}{#2}{\@namedef{minted at opt@#2}{#3}}}
+ {\define at key{minted at opt}{#2}[#1]{\@namedef{minted at opt@#2}{#3}}}}
+\newcommand\minted at define@switch[3][]{
+ \minted at defopt{#2}
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+ \define at key{minted at opt}{#1}{
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\minted at opt@extra\expandafter{%
+ \minted at opt@extra,#1=##1}}}
+\newcommand\minted at define@extra at switch[1]{
+ \define at booleankey{minted at opt}{#1}
+ {\expandafter\def\expandafter\minted at opt@extra\expandafter{%
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+ {\expandafter\def\expandafter\minted at opt@extra\expandafter{%
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+\newsavebox{\minted at bgbox}
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+ \noindent
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+ {\end{minipage}
+ \end{lrbox}%
+ \colorbox{\minted at bgcol}{\usebox{\minted at bgbox}}}
+\newwrite\minted at code
+\newcommand\minted at savecode[1]{
+ \immediate\openout\minted at code\jobname.pyg
+ \immediate\write\minted at code{#1}
+ \immediate\closeout\minted at code}
+\newcommand\minted at pygmentize[2][\jobname.pyg]{
+ \def\minted at cmd{pygmentize -l #2 -f latex -F tokenmerge
+ \minted at opt{gobble} \minted at opt{texcl} \minted at opt{mathescape}
+ \minted at opt{startinline} \minted at opt{funcnamehighlighting}
+ \minted at opt{linenos} -P "verboptions=\minted at opt{extra}"
+ -o \jobname.out.pyg #1}
+ \immediate\write18{\minted at cmd}
+ % For debugging, uncomment:
+ %\immediate\typeout{\minted at cmd}
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted at opt@bgcolor}{}}
+ {}
+ {\begin{minted at colorbg}{\minted at opt@bgcolor}}
+ \input{\jobname.out.pyg}
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{\minted at opt@bgcolor}{}}
+ {}
+ {\end{minted at colorbg}}
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.out.pyg}}
+\newcommand\minted at usedefaultstyle{\usemintedstyle{default}}
+\newcommand\usemintedstyle[1]{
+ \renewcommand\minted at usedefaultstyle{}
+ \immediate\write18{pygmentize -S #1 -f latex > \jobname.pyg}
+ \input{\jobname.pyg}}
+\newcommand\mint[3][]{
+ \DefineShortVerb{#3}
+ \minted at resetoptions
+ \setkeys{minted at opt}{#1}
+ \SaveVerb[aftersave={
+ \UndefineShortVerb{#3}
+ \minted at savecode{\FV at SV@minted at verb}
+ \minted at pygmentize{#2}
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.pyg}}]{minted at verb}#3}
+\newcommand\minted at proglang[1]{}
+\newenvironment{minted}[2][]
+ {\VerbatimEnvironment
+ \renewcommand{\minted at proglang}[1]{#2}
+ \minted at resetoptions
+ \setkeys{minted at opt}{#1}
+ \begin{VerbatimOut}[codes={\catcode`\^^I=12}]{\jobname.pyg}}%
+ {\end{VerbatimOut}
+ \minted at pygmentize{\minted at proglang{}}
+ \DeleteFile{\jobname.pyg}}
+\newcommand\inputminted[3][]{
+ \minted at resetoptions
+ \setkeys{minted at opt}{#1}
+ \minted at pygmentize[#3]{#2}}
+\newcommand\newminted[3][]{
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}
+ {\def\minted at envname{#2code}}
+ {\def\minted at envname{#1}}
+ \newenvironment{\minted at envname}
+ {\VerbatimEnvironment\begin{minted}[#3]{#2}}
+ {\end{minted}}
+ \newenvironment{\minted at envname *}[1]
+ {\VerbatimEnvironment\begin{minted}[#3,##1]{#2}}
+ {\end{minted}}}
+\newcommand\newmint[3][]{
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}
+ {\def\minted at shortname{#2}}
+ {\def\minted at shortname{#1}}
+ \expandafter\newcommand\csname\minted at shortname\endcsname[2][]{
+ \mint[#3,##1]{#2}##2}}
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+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}
+ {\def\minted at shortname{#2file}}
+ {\def\minted at shortname{#1}}
+ \expandafter\newcommand\csname\minted at shortname\endcsname[2][]{
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+\@ifundefined{minted at float@within}
+ {\newfloat{listing}{h}{lol}}
+ {\newfloat{listing}{h}{lol}[\minted at float@within]}
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+\AtBeginDocument{
+ \minted at usedefaultstyle}
+\AtEndOfPackage{
+ \ifnum\pdf at shellescape=1\relax\else
+ \PackageError{minted}
+ {You must invoke LaTeX with the
+ -shell-escape flag}
+ {Pass the -shell-escape flag to LaTeX. Refer to the minted.sty
+ documentation for more information.}\fi
+ \TestAppExists{pygmentize}
+ \ifAppExists\else
+ \PackageError{minted}
+ {You must have `pygmentize' installed
+ to use this package}
+ {Refer to the installation instructions in the minted
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+ \fi}
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+%%
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diff --git a/common/single-slide-title.tex b/common/single-slide-title.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab4c35e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/single-slide-title.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+\authors{Authors}
diff --git a/common/slide-footer.tex b/common/slide-footer.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b47932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/slide-footer.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+\end{document}
diff --git a/common/slide-header.tex b/common/slide-header.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f92192d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/slide-header.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass[obeyspaces,spaces,hyphens]{beamer}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+
+\mode<presentation>
+\usetheme{FreeElectrons}
+
+\institute{Free Electrons}
+
+\usepackage{eurosym}
+
+\begin{document}
diff --git a/common/sysdev-labs-vars.tex b/common/sysdev-labs-vars.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60a4dc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/sysdev-labs-vars.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+\def\labbooktitle{Embedded Linux Training}
+\def\labbookurl{http://free-electrons.com/doc/training/embedded-linux/}
diff --git a/common/sysdev-title.tex b/common/sysdev-title.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..766d5cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/sysdev-title.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+\authors{Grégory Clément, Michael Opdenacker, Maxime Ripard, Thomas Petazzoni}
+\trainingurl{http://free-electrons.com/docs/embedded-linux-intro}
+
+\chapterframe{Embedded Linux system development}
diff --git a/labs/backup/backup.tex b/labs/backup/backup.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16d8fe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/backup/backup.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+\subchapter{Backing up your lab files}{Objective: clean up and make an
+archive of your lab directory}
+
+\section{End of the training session}
+
+Congratulations. You reached the end of the training session. You now
+have plenty of working examples you created by yourself, and you can
+build upon them to create more elaborate things.
+
+In this last lab, we will create an archive of all the things you
+created. We won't keep everything though, as there are lots of things
+you can easily retrieve again.
+
+\section{Create a lab archive}
+
+Go to the directory containing your felabs directory:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+cd $HOME
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now, run a command that will do some clean up and then create an archive with the most important files:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Kernel configuration files
+\item Other source configuration files (BusyBox, Crosstool-ng...)
+\item Kernel images
+\item Toolchain
+\item Other custom files
+\end{itemize}
+
+Here is the command:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+./felabs/archive-labs
+\end{verbatim}
+
+At end end, you should have a \code{felabs-<user>.tar.lzma} archive
+that you can copy to a USB flash drive, for example. This file should
+only be a few hundreds of MB big.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-debugging/kernel-debugging.tex b/labs/kernel-debugging/kernel-debugging.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..290ead7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-debugging/kernel-debugging.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+\subchapter{Kernel debugging mechanisms and kernel crash
+ analysis}{Objective: Use kernel debugging mechanisms and analyze a
+ kernel crash}
+
+\section{{\tt pr\_debug()} and dynamic debugging}
+
+Add a \code{pr_debug()} call in the \code{write()} operation that shows
+each character being written (or its hexadecimal representation) and
+add a similar \code{pr_debug()} call in your interrupt handler to show
+each character being received.
+
+Check what happens with your module. Do you see the debugging messages
+that you added ? Your kernel probably has neither \code{CONFIG_DEBUG} nor
+\code{CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG} set, so you shouldn't see any message.
+
+Now, recompile your kernel with \code{CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG} and reboot. The
+dynamic debug feature can be configured using debugfs, so you'll have
+to mount the debugfs filesystem first. Then, after reading the dynamic
+debug documentation in the kernel sources, do the following things :
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item List all available debug messages in the kernel
+
+\item Enable all debugging messages of your serial module, and check
+ that you indeed see those messages.
+
+\item Enable just one single debug message in your serial module, and
+ check that you see just this message and not the other debug
+ messages of your module.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+Now, you have a good mechanism to keep many debug messages in your
+drivers and be able to selectively enable only some of them.
+
+\section{debugfs}
+
+Since you have enabled debugfs to control the dynamic debug feature,
+we will also use it to add a new debugfs entry. Modify your driver to
+add :
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item A directory called \code{serial} in the {\em debugfs} filesystem
+
+\item And file called \code{counter} inside the \code{serial}
+ directory of the debugfs filesystem. This file should allow to see
+ the contents of the \code{counter} variable of your module.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+Recompile and reload your driver, and check that in
+\code{/sys/kernel/debug/serial/counter} you can see the amount of characters
+that have been transmitted by your driver.
+
+\section{Kernel crash analysis}
+
+\subsection{Setup}
+
+Go to the \code{/home/<user>/felabs/linux/debugging} directory.
+
+Make sure that your kernel has the following options enabled:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item Support for root filesystem over NFS support
+
+\item The \code{CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO} configuration option, (Kernel
+ Hacking section) which makes it possible to see source code in the
+ disassembled kernel
+
+\item Disable the \code{CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND} configuration option
+ (Kernel Hacking section). This option enables a new mechanism to
+ handle stack backtraces, but this new mechanism is not yet as
+ functional and reliable as the old mechanism based on frame
+ pointers. In our case, with our board, you get a backtrace only if
+ this option is disabled.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+The \code{nfsroot/} directory is the root filesystem.
+
+Compile the \code{drvbroken} module provided
+ in \code{nfsroot/root/drvbroken}, after modifying the Makefile so
+ that \code{KDIR} properly points to your kernel source tree.
+
+Run the target system on the Calao board, and load the \code{drvbroken}
+kernel module. See it crashing in a nice way.
+
+\section{Analyzing the crash message}
+
+Analyze the crash message carefully. Knowing that on ARM, the pc
+register contains the location of the instruction being executed, find
+in which function does the crash happens, and what the function call
+stack is.
+
+Using LXR (for example \url{http://lxr.free-electrons.com}) or the
+kernel source code, have a look at the definition of this
+function. This, with a careful review of the driver source code should
+probably be enough to help you understand and fix the issue.
+
+\section{Further analysis of the problem}
+
+If the function source code is not enough, then you can look at the
+disassembled version of the function, either using:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+arm-linux-gnueabi-objdump -S linux-3.0.x/vmlinux > vmlinux.disasm
+\end{verbatim}
+
+or, using \code{gdb-multiarch}\footnote{gdb-multiarch is a new package
+ supporting multiple architectures at once. If you have a cross
+ toolchain including gdb, you can also run arm-linux-gdb directly.}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install gdb-multiarch
+gdb-multiarch linux-3.0.x/vmlinux
+(gdb) set arch arm
+(gdb) set gnutarget elf32-littlearm
+(gdb) disassemble function_name
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Then find at which exact instruction the crash occurs. The offset is
+provided by the crash output, as well as a dump of the code around the
+crashing instruction.
+
+Of course, analyzing the disassembled version of the function requires
+some assembly skills on the architecture you are working on.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-git/kernel-git.tex b/labs/kernel-git/kernel-git.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..227f3cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-git/kernel-git.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+\subchapter{Git}{Objective: use the basic Git features}
+
+After this lab, you will be able to:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Clone a Git repository
+\item Explore the history of a Git repository
+\item Make changes in your own branch
+\item Generate the patches corresponding to your own branch
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Setup}
+
+Go to \code{/home/<user>/felabs/linux/git/}
+
+This lab assumes that you already installed git software and cloned
+the Linus Torvalds' git tree. See our {\em Kernel source code} lab for
+details (\url{http://free-electrons.com/doc/training/linux-kernel/}).
+
+\section{Configuring Git}
+
+Configure your name and email address in git with \code{git config}.
+
+\section{Clone a repository}
+
+We already cloned Linus Torvalds' git tree, but it is useful to know
+how to do it again. Go to \url{http://git.kernel.org} and make sure you know
+how to find the \code{git://} URL of his Linux tree.
+
+Cloning downloaded quite a lot of data, but then at the end, we have
+the full history of the Linux kernel (since the kernel developers
+started to use Git, around kernel 2.6.12). We can access and explore
+this history offline.
+
+\section{Exploring the history}
+
+With \code{git log}, look at the list of changes that have been made on the scheduler.
+
+With \code{git log}, look at the list of changes and their associated
+patches, that have been made on the ATMEL serial driver
+(\code{drivers/tty/serial/atmel_serial.c}) between the versions 3.0
+and 3.1 of the kernel.
+
+With \code{git diff}, look at the differences between \code{fs/jffs2/}
+(which contains the JFFS2 filesystem driver) in 3.0 and 3.1.
+
+With \code{gitk}, look at the full history of the UBIFS filesystem (in
+\code{fs/ubifs/}).
+
+On the {\em gitweb} interface of Linus Torvalds tree, available at
+\url{http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git},
+search all commits that have been done by Free Electrons (hint: use
+the search engine by author).
+
+\section{Make your changes}
+
+Create your own branch with \code{git branch} and then move to it with
+\code{git checkout}.
+
+Make a dummy change to the \code{MAINTAINERS} file, and commit your
+change. Look at the difference between the master branch and your
+branch (with \code{git log}, \code{git diff} and \code{gitk}).
+
+Then, edit \code{init/main.c}. In the function \code{start_kernel()},
+after the call to \code{printk()} to print the \code{linux_banner}
+variable, add a call to \code{printk()} to print your own
+message. Commit your change.
+
+\section{Share your changes}
+
+Generate the patch series corresponding to your two changes using
+\code{git format-patch}.
+
+Configure your SMTP server using:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+git config --global sendemail.smtpserver smtp.company.com
+\end{verbatim}
+
+And then send the patches to yourself using \code{git send-email}.
+
+\section{Tracking another tree}
+
+Say you want to work on the realtime Linux tree, so we'll add this
+tree to the trees you're tracking:
+
+\small
+\begin{verbatim}
+git remote add realtime \
+ git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-2.6-rt.git
+\end{verbatim}
+\normalsize
+
+A \code{git fetch} will fetch the data for this tree. Of course, Git
+will optimize the storage, and will no store everything that's common
+between the two trees. This is the big advantage of having a single
+local repository to track multiple remote trees, instead of having
+multiple local repositories.
+
+We can then switch to the master branch of the realtime tree:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+git checkout realtime/master
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Or look at the difference between the scheduler code in the official
+tree and in the realtime tree:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+git diff master..realtime/master kernel/sched.c
+\end{verbatim}
+
diff --git a/labs/kernel-locking/kernel-locking.tex b/labs/kernel-locking/kernel-locking.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ce4a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-locking/kernel-locking.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+\subchapter{Locking}{Objective: practice with basic locking primitives}
+
+During this lab, you will:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Practice with locking primitives to implement exclusive access
+ to the device.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Setup}
+
+Stay in the \code{/home/<user>/felabs/linux/character} directory.
+
+You need to have completed the previous two labs to perform this one.
+
+Boot your board with the same NFS environment as before, and load your
+serial module.
+
+\section{Adding appropriate locking}
+
+We have two shared resources in our driver:
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item The buffer that allows to transfer the read data from the
+ interrupt handler to the read() operation.
+
+\item The device itself. It might not be a good idea to mess with the
+ device registers at the same time and in two different contexts.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+Therefore, your job is to add a spinlock to the driver, and use it in
+the appropriate locations to prevent concurrent accesses to the shared
+buffer and to the device.
+
+Please note that you don't have to prevent two processes from writing
+at the same time: this can happen and is a valid behavior. However, if
+two processes write data at the same time to the serial port, the
+serial controller should not get confused.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-environment/host-vs-target.dia b/labs/kernel-module-environment/host-vs-target.dia
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54b2b64
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+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="orth_points">
+ <dia:point val="23.65,13.6"/>
+ <dia:point val="23.65,14.7"/>
+ <dia:point val="46.655,14.7"/>
+ <dia:point val="46.655,13.7"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="orth_orient">
+ <dia:enum val="1"/>
+ <dia:enum val="0"/>
+ <dia:enum val="1"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="autorouting">
+ <dia:boolean val="true"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="end_arrow">
+ <dia:enum val="22"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="end_arrow_length">
+ <dia:real val="0.5"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="end_arrow_width">
+ <dia:real val="0.5"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:connections>
+ <dia:connection handle="0" to="O0" connection="6"/>
+ <dia:connection handle="1" to="O5" connection="6"/>
+ </dia:connections>
+ </dia:object>
+ <dia:object type="Standard - Text" version="1" id="O10">
+ <dia:attribute name="obj_pos">
+ <dia:point val="33.4,15.6"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="obj_bb">
+ <dia:rectangle val="33.4,15.005;36.925,15.7525"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="text">
+ <dia:composite type="text">
+ <dia:attribute name="string">
+ <dia:string>#NFS export#</dia:string>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="font">
+ <dia:font family="sans" style="0" name="Helvetica"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="height">
+ <dia:real val="0.80000000000000004"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="pos">
+ <dia:point val="33.4,15.6"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="color">
+ <dia:color val="#000000"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="alignment">
+ <dia:enum val="0"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ </dia:composite>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ <dia:attribute name="valign">
+ <dia:enum val="3"/>
+ </dia:attribute>
+ </dia:object>
+ </dia:layer>
+</dia:diagram>
diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-environment/kernel-module-environment.tex b/labs/kernel-module-environment/kernel-module-environment.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a461d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-module-environment/kernel-module-environment.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+\subchapter{Module development environment}{Objective: Setup an NFS
+ based kernel module development environment}
+
+After this lab, you will be able to:
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item Cross-compile a kernel for the ARM platform
+
+\item Boot this kernel on an NFS root filesystem, which is somewhere
+on your development workstation\footnote{NFS root filesystems are
+particularly useful to compile modules on your host, and make them
+directly visible on the target. You longer have to update the root
+filesystem by hand and transfer it to the target (requiring a shutdown
+and reboot).}
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Lab implementation}
+
+While developing a kernel module, the developer wants to change the
+source code, compile and test the new kernel module very
+frequently. While writing and compiling the kernel module is done the
+development workstation, the test of the kernel module usually has to
+be done on the target, since it might interact with hardware specific
+to the target.
+
+However, flashing the root filesystem on the target for every test is
+time-consuming and would use the flash chip needlessly.
+
+Fortunately, it is possible to set up networking between the
+development workstation and the target. Then, workstation files can be
+accessed through the network by the target, using NFS.
+
+\begin{center}
+\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{labs/kernel-module-environment/host-vs-target.pdf}
+\end{center}
+
+\section{Setup}
+
+Stay in the \code{/home/<user>/felabs/linux/modules} directory.
+
+Install packages needed for this lab:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev u-boot-tools
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\code{libqt4-dev} is needed for \code{make xconfig}. \code{u-boot-tools}
+is needed to build the uImage file for U-boot (\code{mkimage} utility).
+
+\section{Cross-compiling toolchain setup}
+
+We are going to install a cross-compiling toolchain from
+Linaro\footnote{Note that Linaro toolchains by default generate code
+for the {\em armv7} instruction set, while our AT91 CPU only supports
+{\em armv5}. This is not a problem, as the kernel \code{Makefile} will
+invoke the cross-compiler with the right instruction set settings.}, a
+very popular source for ARM toolchains (amongst other useful resources
+for Linux on ARM).
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linaro-maintainers/toolchain
+sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now find out the path and name of the cross-compiler executable by looking at the contents of the package:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+dpkg -L gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{Kernel configuration}
+
+Set the \code{ARCH} and \code{CROSS_COMPILE} settings for the arm
+platform and to use your cross-compiler, either by modifying the
+kernel \code{Makefile} or by setting environment variables.
+
+Configure this kernel with the ready-made configuration for boards
+with the AT91SAM9263 CPU.
+
+If needed, add the configuration options that enable booting on a root
+filesystem over NFS.
+
+Compile your kernel and generate the uImage kernel image that U-boot
+needs (the U-boot bootloader needs the kernel zImage file to be
+encapsulated in a special container and the kernel Makefile can
+generate this container for you by running the mkimage tool found in
+the uboot-mkimage package):
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+make uImage
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{Setting up the NFS server}
+
+Install the NFS server by installing the nfs-kernel-server
+package. Once installed, edit the \code{/etc/exports} file as
+\code{root} to add the following lines, assuming that the IP address
+of your board will be \code{192.168.0.100}:
+
+\scriptsize
+\begin{verbatim}
+/home/<user>/felabs/linux/modules/nfsroot 192.168.0.100(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
+/home/<user>/felabs/linux/character/nfsroot 192.168.0.100(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
+/home/<user>/felabs/linux/debugging/nfsroot 192.168.0.100(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
+\end{verbatim}
+\normalsize
+
+Then, restart the NFS server:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{Setting up serial communication with the board}
+
+Plug the Calao board on your computer using its USB-A connector. When
+plugged-in, two serial ports should appear, \code{/dev/ttyUSB0} and
+\code{/dev/ttyUSB1}. \code{/dev/ttyUSB0} is used for the JTAG while
+\code{/dev/ttyUSB1} corresponds to the {\em DBGU}, the debugging
+serial port of the AT91 processor. You can also see this device appear
+by looking at the output of \code{dmesg}.
+
+To communicate with the board through the serial port, install a serial communication program, such as \code{picocom}:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install picocom
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Run \code{picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB1}, to start a serial
+communication on \code{/dev/ttyUSB1}, with a baudrate of 115200. If
+you wish to exit picocom, press \code{[Ctrl][a]} followed by
+\code{[Ctrl][x]}.
+
+You should now see the U-Boot prompt:
+\begin{verbatim}
+U-Boot>
+\end{verbatim}
+
+You may need to reset the board (using the tiny reset button close to
+the USB host connectors).
+
+You can now use U-Boot. Run the \code{help} command to see the available
+commands.
+
+\section{Setting up Ethernet communication}
+
+The kernel image will be transferred to the board using the TFTP
+protocol, which works on top of an Ethernet connection.
+
+To start with, install a TFTP server on your development workstation:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install tftpd-hpa
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Copy your \code{uImage} file to the \code{/var/lib/tftpboot} directory.
+
+With a network cable, connect the Ethernet port of your board to the
+one of your computer. If your computer already has a wired connection
+to the network, your instructor will provide you with a USB Ethernet
+adapter. A new network interface, probably \code{eth1} or \code{eth2},
+should appear on your Linux system.
+
+To configure your network interface on the workstation side, click on
+the {\em Network Manager} tasklet on your desktop, and select {\em
+Edit Connections}.
+
+\begin{center}
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-1.png}
+\end{center}
+
+Select the new wired network connection:
+
+\begin{center}
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-2.png}
+\end{center}
+
+In the {\em IPv4 Settings} tab, make the interface use a static IP
+address, like 192.168.0.1 (of course, make sure that this address
+belongs to a separate network segment from the one of the main company
+network):
+
+\begin{center}
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-3.png}
+\end{center}
+
+Now, configure the network on the board in U-Boot by setting the
+\code{ipaddr} and \code{serverip} environment variables:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv ipaddr 192.168.0.100
+setenv serverip 192.168.0.1
+\end{verbatim}
+
+In case the board was previously configured in a different way, we
+also turn off automatic booting after commands that can be used to
+copy a kernel to RAM:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv autostart no
+\end{verbatim}
+
+To make these settings permanent, save the environment:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+saveenv
+\end{verbatim}
+
+You can then test the TFTP connection. First, put a small text file in
+the directory exported through TFTP on your development
+workstation. Then, from U-Boot, do:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+tftp 0x21000000 textfile.txt
+\end{verbatim}
+
+This should download the file \code{textfile.txt} from your development
+workstation into the board's memory at location \code{0x21000000} (this
+location is part of the board DRAM). You can verify that the download
+was successful by dumping the contents of the memory:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+md 0x21000000
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{Boot the system}
+
+First, boot the board to the U-Boot prompt. Before booting the
+kernel, we need to tell it that the root filesystem should be mounted
+over NFS, by setting some kernel parameters. Use the following U-Boot
+command to do so (in just 1 line):
+
+\scriptsize
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs ip=192.168.0.100
+ nfsroot=192.168.0.1:/home/<user>/felabs/linux/modules/nfsroot
+\end{verbatim}
+\normalsize
+
+Of course, you need to adapt the IP addresses to your exact network
+setup. Save the environment variables (with saveenv). Now, download
+the kernel image through tftp:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+tftp 0x21000000 uImage
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now, boot your kernel:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+bootm 0x21000000
+\end{verbatim}
+
+If everything goes right, you should reach a shell prompt. Otherwise,
+check your setup or ask your instructor for details.
+
+If the kernel fails to mount the NFS filesystem, look carefully at the
+error messages in the console. If this doesn't give any clue, you can
+also have a look at the NFS server logs in \code{/var/log/syslog}.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-1.png b/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5264e3e
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diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-2.png b/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-2.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebeb621
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diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-3.png b/labs/kernel-module-environment/network-config-3.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e007a3
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diff --git a/labs/kernel-module-simple/kernel-module-simple.tex b/labs/kernel-module-simple/kernel-module-simple.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65b8e01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-module-simple/kernel-module-simple.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+\subchapter{Writing modules}{Objective: create a simple kernel module}
+
+After this lab, you will be able to:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Compile and test standalone kernel modules, which code is outside of the main Linux sources.
+\item Write a kernel module with several capabilities, including module parameters.
+\item Access kernel internals from your module.
+\item Setup the environment to compile it
+\item Create a kernel patch
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Setup}
+
+Stay inside the \code{/home/<user>/felabs/linux/modules} directory.
+Boot your board again, as you did in the previous lab.
+
+\section{Writing a module}
+
+Go to the \code{nfsroot/root} directory. All the files you generate
+there will also be visible from the target. That's great to load
+modules!
+
+Create a \code{hello_version.c} file implementing a module which
+displays this kind of message when loaded:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+Hello Master. You are currently using Linux <version>.
+\end{verbatim}
+
+... and displays a goodbye message when unloaded.
+
+You may just start with a module that displays a hello message, and
+add version information later.
+
+Caution: you must use a kernel variable or function to get version
+information, and not just the value of a C macro. Otherwise, you will
+only get the version of the kernel you used to build the
+module. Suggestion: you can look for files in kernel sources which
+contain version in their name, and see what they do.
+
+\section{Building your module}
+
+The current directory contains a \code{Makefile} file, which lets you
+build modules outside a kernel source tree. Compile your module.
+
+\section{Testing your module}
+
+Load your new module file. Check that it works as
+expected. Until this, unload it, modify its code, compile and load it
+again as many times as needed.
+
+Run a command to check that your module is on the list of loaded
+modules. Now, try to get the list of loaded modules with only the cat
+command.
+
+\section{Adding a parameter to your module}
+
+Add a who parameter to your module. Your module will say \code{Hello
+<who>} instead of \code{Hello Master}.
+
+ Compile and test your module by checking that it takes the who
+parameter into account when you load it.
+
+\section{Adding time information}
+
+Improve your module, so that when you unload it, it tells you how many
+seconds elapsed since you loaded it. You can use the
+\code{do_gettimeofday()} function to achieve this.
+
+You may search for other drivers in the kernel sources using the
+\code{do_gettimeofday()} function. Looking for other examples always helps!
+
+\section{Following Linux coding standards}
+
+Your code should adhere to strict coding standards, if you want to
+have it one day merged in the mainline sources. One of the main
+reasons is code readability. If anyone used one's own style, given the
+number of contributors, reading kernel code would be very unpleasant.
+
+Fortunately, the Linux kernel community provides you with a utility to
+find coding standards violations.
+
+Run the \code{scripts/checkpatch.pl -h} command in the kernel sources,
+to find which options are available. Now, run:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+scripts/checkpatch.pl --file --no-tree <path>/hello_version.c
+\end{verbatim}
+
+See how many violations are reported on your code. If there are
+indenting errors, you can first run your code through the \code{indent}
+command:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install indent
+indent -linux hello_version.c
+\end{verbatim}
+
+You can now compare the indented file with the original:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install meld
+meld hello_version.c~ hello_version.c
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now, get back to \code{checkpatch.pl} and fix your code until there are
+no errors left.
+
+\section{Adding the {\tt hello\_version} module to the kernel sources}
+
+Add your module sources to the \code{drivers/misc/} directory in your
+kernel sources. Of course, also modify kernel configuration and
+building files accordingly, so that you can select your module in
+\code{make xconfig} and have it compiled by the \code{make} command.
+
+Configure your kernel with the config file corresponding to your
+running kernel. Now check that the configuration interface shows your
+new driver and lets you configure it as a module.
+
+Run the \code{make} command and make sure that the code of your new
+driver is getting compiled. Then, install your kernel module using
+\code{make modules_install}. Beware, the modules should be installed
+in the root filesystem of the target, not in the root filesystem of
+your development workstation!
+
+\section{Create a kernel patch}
+
+You can be proud of your new module! To be able to share it with
+others, create a patch which adds your new files to the mainstream
+kernel.
+
+Test that your patch file is compatible with the patch command by
+applying it to unmodified kernel sources.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-power-management/kernel-power-management.tex b/labs/kernel-power-management/kernel-power-management.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c25efbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-power-management/kernel-power-management.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+\subchapter{Power management}{Objective: practice with standard power
+ management interfaces offered by Linux}
+
+After this lab, you will be able to:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Suspend and resume your Linux system
+\item Change the CPU frequency of your system
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Setup}
+
+Lab data are available in \code{/home/<user>/felabs/powermgt/usage/}.
+
+Download and extract the latest update to the Linux 3.1 kernel.
+
+Suspend/resume support for the Calao board is already included in this
+kernel.
+
+Cpu frequency scaling support for this hardware was developed by Free
+Electrons and is not yet part of the mainline kernel. Therefore,
+before compiling the 3.1 kernel, you'll have to apply the three
+patches in the \code{data/} directory of this lab:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item The first patch implements the CPU frequency driver itself,
+ which allows to change the frequency on the AT91SAM9263 CPU
+
+\item The second patch adds CPU frequency support to the serial port
+ driver. When the CPU clock is changed, the divisors for the baud
+ rate generator must be modified. This is what this patch does.
+
+\item The third patch adds CPU frequency support to the Ethernet
+ controller driver for similar reasons.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+Configure your kernel with CPU Frequency scaling support, with the CPU
+Frequency driver for AT91, and for the different cpufreq governors.
+
+Then, compile this kernel, and boot the system over NFS to the root
+filesystem included
+in \code{/home/<user>/felabs/powermgt/usage/nfsroot/}.
+
+\section{Suspend and resume}
+
+To suspend to RAM the Calao board, run :
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+echo mem > /sys/power/state
+\end{verbatim}
+
+The Calao board will then put itself in a low power-consumption mode,
+as the inactivity of most LEDs will show.
+
+To resume the Calao board, push the User button. After a short time,
+the board will be usable again.
+
+\section{CPU frequency control}
+
+Linux has a {\em cpufreq} driver to control CPU frequency. Of course, it can
+only switch between the limited number of operating states that your
+CPU and board can support.
+
+This interface can be controlled by userspace. This means it allows
+you to let the system user tune it from a graphical front-end, for
+example.
+
+Go to the \code{/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/} directory, and
+see what available files are.
+
+Check what the current cpufreq governor is.
+
+Find what the allowed frequencies are on your system.
+
+Now look at the files which offer write permission. These are the ones
+you can use to control \code{cpufreq}.
+
+Switch to the \code{userspace} governor, the one that disables the
+kernel autopilot. Now, set the frequency of \code{cpu0} to the maximum
+one. View the \code{scaling_cur_freq} file to check that the
+frequency is the one you expected.
+
+Change the governor to \code{performance}, check the current frequency,
+and change to \code{powersave} and check the frequency again.
+
+You can also select the \code{ondemand} governor, add some load to your
+target by running \code{ping -f target-ip} ({\em ping} in flood mode) from
+your PC and see the cpu frequency increase when your system gets
+pinged.
+
+Note that with the \code{userspace} governor enabled, you can implement
+your own, custom CPU frequency control based on your own criteria. You
+could check the system temperature, for example, and if it gets hotter
+than a specified threshold, you could slow down the frequency. You
+could also let a time critical process bump the frequency to the
+maximum value. You can see that in userspace, {\bf you} are the
+governor.
+
+\section{Using PowerTop}
+
+On your development PC. Install the nice PowerTop tool contributed by Intel:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo apt-get install powertop
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Run the \code{powertop} command, and see it display statistics, and
+list the top processes that cause you CPU to wake up from a deeper
+sleep state, causing it to consume more power. You could use this
+interface to find power management bugs in the applications running on
+your system.
+
+If you're using a laptop, remove the AC power for a while. This gives
+you access to live power estimates from ACPI.
+
+Also follow the tips that PowerTop gives you to conserve power, and
+try to make your system consume as little power as possible.
+
+Compare your power estimates with other people in the classroom, and
+try to achieve the best results. Any technique can be used!
+
+Thanks to Linaro, PowerTop is also available on ARM now. See
+\url{https://wiki.linaro.org/WorkingGroups/PowerManagement/Doc/Powertop}.
+
+So, if your embedded architecture has CPUidle support, you could try
+this utility on it. If your embedded architecture has CPUidle support,
+even if you didn't compile powertop, you can still access idle state
+statistics by looking at the files
+in \code{/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu<n>/cpuidle}.
diff --git a/labs/kernel-serial-driver/kernel-serial-driver.tex b/labs/kernel-serial-driver/kernel-serial-driver.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e12ecbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/labs/kernel-serial-driver/kernel-serial-driver.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+\subchapter{Kernel – Serial controller device driver
+ programming}{Objective: Develop a serial device driver for the
+ AT91SAM9263 CPU from scratch}
+
+\section{Warning}
+
+In this lab, we are going
--
Michael Opdenacker, Free Electrons
Kernel, drivers, real-time and embedded Linux
development, consulting, training and support.
http://free-electrons.com
+33 484 253 396
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