[FE training-materials-updates] sysdev: Update the block filesystem for the Xplained
Maxime Ripard
maxime.ripard at free-electrons.com
Sun Jun 15 22:38:38 CEST 2014
Repository : git://git.free-electrons.com/training-materials.git
On branch : sysdev-xplained
Link : http://git.free-electrons.com/training-materials/commit/?id=2c0cd053ee53c99c74af6436c715bc549b7b4f73
>---------------------------------------------------------------
commit 2c0cd053ee53c99c74af6436c715bc549b7b4f73
Author: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard at free-electrons.com>
Date: Thu Jun 5 17:04:00 2014 +0200
sysdev: Update the block filesystem for the Xplained
Since we were not using the MMC in the u-boot lab, change the instructions to
create the partitions here.
Also update these to match what's expected by the Xplained
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard at free-electrons.com>
>---------------------------------------------------------------
2c0cd053ee53c99c74af6436c715bc549b7b4f73
.../sysdev-block-filesystems.tex | 157 ++++++++++++++------
1 file changed, 115 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)
diff --git a/labs/sysdev-block-filesystems/sysdev-block-filesystems.tex b/labs/sysdev-block-filesystems/sysdev-block-filesystems.tex
index 0d438b3..f1142ef 100644
--- a/labs/sysdev-block-filesystems/sysdev-block-filesystems.tex
+++ b/labs/sysdev-block-filesystems/sysdev-block-filesystems.tex
@@ -28,19 +28,77 @@ Recompile your kernel with support for SquashFS and ext3.
Boot your board with this new kernel and on the NFS filesystem you
used in this previous lab.\footnote{If you didn't do or complete the
- tinysystem lab, you can use the \code{data/rootfs} directory instead.}
+ tinysystem lab, you can use the \code{data/rootfs} directory
+ instead.}
-\section{Add partitions to the MMC card}
+\section{Prepare the MMC card}
-Using \code{cfdisk}
-\footnote{Now that one partition already exists, you don't have to specify
-headers and sectors again. Just run \code{cfdisk /dev/sdx}},
-add two additional partitions to the MMC card (in
-addition to the existing \code{boot} partition created in the
-bootloaders lab):
+We're going to use an MMC card for our block device.
+
+Plug the MMC card your instructor gave you on your workstation. Type
+the \code{dmesg} command to see which device is used by your
+workstation. In case the device is \code{/dev/sdb}, you will see
+something like
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 3842048 512-byte hardware sectors: (1.96 GB/1.83 GiB)
+\end{verbatim}
+
+If your PC has an internal MMC/SD card reader, the device may also
+been seen as \code{/dev/mmcblk0}, and the first partition as
+\code{mmcblk0p1}. \footnote{This is not always the case with internal
+ MMC/SD card readers. On some PCs, such devices are behind an
+ internal USB bus, and thus are visible in the same way external card
+ readers are}. You will see that the MMC/SD card is seen in the same
+way by the board.
+
+In the following instructions, we will assume that your MMC/SD card
+is seen as \code{/dev/sdb} by your PC workstation.
+
+\fbox{
+ \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
+ {\bfseries Caution: read this carefully before proceeding. You
+ could destroy existing partitions on your PC!
+
+ Do not make the confusion between the device that is used by
+ your board to represent your MMC/SD disk (probably
+ \code{/dev/sda}), and the device that your workstation uses when
+ the card reader is inserted (probably \code{/dev/sdb}).
+
+ So, don't use the \code{/dev/sda} device to reflash your MMC
+ disk from your workstation. People have already destroyed their
+ Windows partition by making this mistake.}
+ \end{minipage}
+}
+
+You can also run \code{cat /proc/partitions} to list all block devices
+in your system. Again, make sure to distinguish the SD/MMC card from
+the hard drive of your development workstation!
+
+Type the \code{mount} command to check your currently mounted
+partitions. If MMC/SD partitions are mounted, unmount them:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+$ sudo umount /dev/sdb*
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Then, clear possible MMC/SD card contents remaining from previous
+training sessions:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1M count=256
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now, let's use the \code{cfdisk} command to create the partitions that
+we are going to use.
+
+In the \code{cfdisk} interface, two primary partition,
+starting from the beginning, with the following properties:
\begin{itemize}
+\item One partition, 64MB big, with the \code{FAT16} partition type.
+
\item One partition, 8 MB big
\footnote{For the needs of our system, the partition could even be
much smaller, and 1 MB would be enough. However, with the 8 GB SD
@@ -57,37 +115,36 @@ bootloaders lab):
\end{itemize}
-At the end, you should have three partitions: one for the boot, one
-for the root filesystem and one for the data filesystem.
+Press \code{Write} when you are done.
\section{Data partition on the MMC disk}
-\fbox{\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
-{\bfseries
-Caution: read this carefully before proceeding. You could destroy
-existing partitions on your PC!
-
-Do not make the confusion between the device that is used by your
-board to represent your MMC disk (\code{/dev/mmcblk0)} or
-\code{/dev/sda} if you are connecting the MMC card to the board
-with a USB card reader), and the device that your workstation
-uses (probably \code{/dev/sdb}).
-
-So, don't use the \code{/dev/sdaX} device to reflash your MMC disk from your
-workstation. People have already destroyed their Windows partition by
-making this mistake.}
-\end{minipage}}
-
-Using the \code{mkfs.ext3} create a journaled file system on the third
-partition of the MMC disk. Remember that you can use the \code{-L}
-option to set a volume name for the partition. Move the contents of
-the \code{www/upload/files} directory (in your target root filesystem)
-into this new partition. The goal is to use the third partition of the
-MMC card as the storage for the uploaded images.
-
-Connect the MMC disk to your board (after rebooting the board... that's
-currently needed with Linux 3.11 with the Device Tree supported IGEPv2
-board). You should see the MMC partitions in \code{/proc/partitions}.
+\fbox{
+ \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
+ {\bfseries Caution: read this carefully before proceeding. You
+ could destroy existing partitions on your PC!
+
+ Do not make the confusion between the device that is used by
+ your board to represent your MMC disk (\code{/dev/mmcblk0)} or
+ \code{/dev/sda} if you are connecting the MMC card to the board
+ with a USB card reader), and the device that your workstation
+ uses (probably \code{/dev/sdb}).
+
+ So, don't use the \code{/dev/sdaX} device to reflash your MMC
+ disk from your workstation. People have already destroyed their
+ Windows partition by making this mistake.}
+ \end{minipage}
+}
+
+Using the \code{mkfs.ext3} create a journaled file system on the
+second partition of the MMC disk. Remember that you can use the
+\code{-L} option to set a volume name for the partition. Move the
+contents of the \code{/www/upload/files} directory (in your target root
+filesystem) into this new partition. The goal is to use the second
+partition of the MMC card as the storage for the uploaded images.
+
+Connect the MMC disk to your board. You should see the MMC partitions
+in \code{/proc/partitions}.
Mount this third partition on \code{/www/upload/files}.
@@ -145,9 +202,25 @@ Check that your system still works. Congratulations if it does!
\section{Store the kernel image and DTB on the MMC card}
-Finally, copy the \code{uImage} kernel image and DTB to the first partition of
-the MMC card (the partition called \code{boot}), and adjust the
-\code{bootcmd} of U-Boot so that it loads the kernel and DTB from the MMC card
-instead of loading them through the network\footnote{Go back to the
-instructions in the "Bootloader - U-Boot" lab if you don't remember how
-to load files from an MMC card.}.
+Finally, copy the \code{zImage} kernel image and DTB to the first
+partition of the MMC card and adjust the \code{bootcmd} of U-Boot so
+that it loads the kernel and DTB from the MMC card instead of loading
+them through the network.
+
+You'll first need to format the first partition, using:
+\begin{verbatim}
+sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 -n boot /dev/sdb1
+\end{verbatim}
+
+It will create a new FAT16 partition, called \code{boot}. Remove and
+plug the MMC card. You can now copy the image and DTBs to it.
+
+In U-boot, you can load a file from a FAT filesystem using a command
+like
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+fatload mmc 0:1 0x21000000 dtb
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Which will load the \code{dtb} file, at the address \code{0x21000000},
+from the first partition of the first MMC device.
More information about the training-materials-updates
mailing list