[bootlin/training-materials updates] master: Graphics: misc spelling fixes and improvements (b1cfa891)
Michael Opdenacker
michael.opdenacker at bootlin.com
Fri Sep 20 10:37:28 CEST 2019
Repository : https://github.com/bootlin/training-materials
On branch : master
Link : https://github.com/bootlin/training-materials/commit/b1cfa891af65020ccee5e0b6633ce81fc821f34e
>---------------------------------------------------------------
commit b1cfa891af65020ccee5e0b6633ce81fc821f34e
Author: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker at bootlin.com>
Date: Fri Sep 20 10:37:28 2019 +0200
Graphics: misc spelling fixes and improvements
Signed-off-by: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker at bootlin.com>
>---------------------------------------------------------------
b1cfa891af65020ccee5e0b6633ce81fc821f34e
slides/graphics-hardware/graphics-hardware.tex | 10 +++++-----
slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollipop.jpg | Bin 0 -> 83100 bytes
slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollypop.jpg | Bin 83100 -> 0 bytes
slides/graphics-software/graphics-software.tex | 12 ++++++------
slides/graphics-theory/graphics-theory.tex | 14 +++++++-------
slides/graphics-theory/interpolation.svg | 6 +++---
6 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
diff --git a/slides/graphics-hardware/graphics-hardware.tex b/slides/graphics-hardware/graphics-hardware.tex
index 1340fb50..6036dafb 100644
--- a/slides/graphics-hardware/graphics-hardware.tex
+++ b/slides/graphics-hardware/graphics-hardware.tex
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@
\end{itemize}
\item \textbf{2D vector} drawing:
\begin{itemize}
- \item Rasterisation from equations, parameters and data (e.g. points)
+ \item Rasterization from equations, parameters and data (e.g. points)
\item Either fixed-function or programmable hardware (custom), pipeline source
\end{itemize}
\item \textbf{3D scene} rendering:
\begin{itemize}
- \item Rasterisation from programs (shaders) and data (e.g. vertices, lines, triangles textures)
+ \item Rasterization from programs (shaders) and data (e.g. vertices, lines, triangles textures)
\item Programmable hardware (GPU), pipeline source
\end{itemize}
\item Rendering can \textbf{always fallback} to general-purpose CPU operations
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@
\item \textbf{vertex shaders}: define the position, texture coordinates and lighting of each vertex
\item \textbf{geometry shaders}: generate new primitives from the provided ones
\item \textbf{tesselation shaders}: perform vertex sub-division (e.g. Catmull-Clark)
- \item \textbf{fragment/pixel shaders}: perform rasterisation for each output pixel
+ \item \textbf{fragment/pixel shaders}: perform rasterization for each output pixel
\end{itemize}
\item Scenes can be rendered with multiples passes and multiple shaders
\end{itemize}
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@
\item \textbf{Multi-Sample Anti-Aliasing} (MSAA) averages colors from multiple points
\end{itemize}
\item \textbf{Texture compression} reduces memory pressure (e.g. S3TC, ASTC)
- \item \textbf{Normals mapping/bump maps} provide increased details with low vertex count\\
+ \item \textbf{Normal mapping/bump maps} provide increased details with low vertex count\\
\textit{affects light path calculation}
\item Avoiding \textbf{useless rendering} operations:
\begin{itemize}
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@
\item Caching is used to reduce memory pressure
\end{itemize}
\item Modern GPUs sometimes have a \textbf{unified shader core}\\
- \textit{allows efficient hardware ressources usage, with complex scheduling}
+ \textit{allows efficient hardware resources usage, with complex scheduling}
\item Shading cores are \textbf{duplicated} and work in parallel (especially rasterization)
\item Some architectures implement tiled processing:
\begin{itemize}
diff --git a/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollipop.jpg b/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollipop.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..96ddde41
Binary files /dev/null and b/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollipop.jpg differ
diff --git a/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollypop.jpg b/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollypop.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 96ddde41..00000000
Binary files a/slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollypop.jpg and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/slides/graphics-software/graphics-software.tex b/slides/graphics-software/graphics-software.tex
index 8f2cae14..f82622d0 100644
--- a/slides/graphics-software/graphics-software.tex
+++ b/slides/graphics-software/graphics-software.tex
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
\centering
- \includegraphics[height=7em]{slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollypop.jpg}\\
- \textit{\small Lollypop (green) with\\ window decorations (red)}\\
+ \includegraphics[height=7em]{slides/graphics-software/compositing-lollipop.jpg}\\
+ \textit{\small Lollipop (green) with\\ window decorations (red)}\\
\vspace{0.5em}
\includegraphics[height=7em]{slides/graphics-software/compositing-result.jpg}\\
\textit{\small The composited result}
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ ret = ioctl(drm_fd, DRM_IOCTL_MODE_CURSOR, &cursor);
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{DRM event notifcation and wait}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]{DRM event notification and wait}
\begin{itemize}
\item DRM provides an event notification mechanism for \textbf{vblank} and \textbf{page flip done}
\item Available through the primary (KMS) file descriptor
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ ret = ioctl(drm_fd, DRM_IOCTL_SYNCOBJ_FD_TO_HANDLE, &syncobj_handle);
\item Forwarding GL calls to the GL implementation via the X server (AIGLX)\\
\textit{introducing latency and performance issues}
\end{enumerate}
- \item \textbf{The Direct Rendering Infastructure} (DRI/DRI2) was introduced next:
+ \item \textbf{The Direct Rendering Infrastructure} (DRI/DRI2) was introduced next:
\begin{itemize}
\item The X server authenticates DRI2 clients with DRM magic/auth\\
\textit{allows them to access render features}
@@ -1514,7 +1514,7 @@ ret = ioctl(drm_fd, DRM_IOCTL_SYNCOBJ_FD_TO_HANDLE, &syncobj_handle);
\vspace{0.5em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{OpenGL ES} was introduced as a simplified version for embedded devices
- \item OpenGL ES vesions are loosely following OpenGL versions:
+ \item OpenGL ES versions are loosely following OpenGL versions:
\begin{itemize}
\item Version 1 targets \textbf{fixed-function} GPUs
\item Version 2 and up target \textbf{programmable} GPUs
@@ -1642,7 +1642,7 @@ ret = ioctl(drm_fd, DRM_IOCTL_SYNCOBJ_FD_TO_HANDLE, &syncobj_handle);
\item \textbf{Input-level} IRs:
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{GLSL IR}: Internal GLSL shader representation
- \item \textbf{SPIR-V}: Khronos's Standard Portable Intermediate Representation
+ \item \textbf{SPIR-V}: Khronos' Standard Portable Intermediate Representation
\end{itemize}
\item \textbf{Internal} IRs:
\begin{itemize}
diff --git a/slides/graphics-theory/graphics-theory.tex b/slides/graphics-theory/graphics-theory.tex
index 41d4c8aa..83aa584e 100644
--- a/slides/graphics-theory/graphics-theory.tex
+++ b/slides/graphics-theory/graphics-theory.tex
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ F(u,v) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} f(x,y)e^{-j2\pi(ux+uy
\item The spatial domain is quantized with a bi-dimensional \textbf{sampling resolution}
\item Matching \textbf{sampling frequencies} exist, for each axis: \((u_s,v_s)\)
\item They \textbf{limit the frequencies} that can be sampled from the initial domain
- \item The \textbf{Shanon-Nyquist theorem} provides a sufficient condition for \((u_s,v_s)\):
+ \item The \textbf{Shannon-Nyquist theorem} provides a sufficient condition for \((u_s,v_s)\):
\[
u_s > 2 \times u_{max}, ~v_s = 2 \times v_{max}
\]
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ u_s > 2 \times u_{max}, ~v_s = 2 \times v_{max}
\begin{frame}{Frame size and chroma sub-sampling}
\begin{itemize}
- \item Digital pictures easily take up a lot of space (moreso for videos)
+ \item Digital pictures easily take up a lot of space (more so for videos)
\item The minimal size for a picture depends on:
\begin{itemize}
\item Dimensions (\(width\) and \(height\))
@@ -768,12 +768,12 @@ C_o = \frac{C_a \alpha_a + C_b \alpha_b \left(1 - \alpha_a\right)}{\alpha_a + \a
\end{itemize}
\item Implemented with some form of interpolation:
\begin{itemize}
- \item nearest-neighbour: uses the nearest pixel value from the source
+ \item nearest-neighbor: uses the nearest pixel value from the source
\[
x_{source} = x_{destination} \times scale
\]
- \item bilinear interpolation: sub-pixel linear weighting of neighbour colors
- \item bicubic interpolation: smooth spline sub-pixel fitting with neighbour colors
+ \item bilinear interpolation: sub-pixel linear weighting of neighbor colors
+ \item bicubic interpolation: smooth spline sub-pixel fitting with neighbor colors
\end{itemize}
\item Sub-pixel methods provide better visual results
\item Down-sampling:
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ g(x,y)= \omega *f(x,y)=\sum_{s=-n}^n{\sum_{t=-m}^m{ \omega (s,t)f(x-s,y-t)}}
\]
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}
- \item A repeated box blur converges towards a gaussian (central-limit theorem)
+ \item A repeated box blur converges towards a Gaussian one (central-limit theorem)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ g(x,y)= \omega *f(x,y)=\sum_{s=-n}^n{\sum_{t=-m}^m{ \omega (s,t)f(x-s,y-t)}}
\item Increases color quantization error
\end{itemize}
\item Floyd–Steinberg dithering is a method for improving quality with low depth
- \item Quantization error is evaluated and distributed to neighbouring pixels
+ \item Quantization error is evaluated and distributed to neighboring pixels
\item Used in hardware display engines and the GIF file format
\end{itemize}~\\
diff --git a/slides/graphics-theory/interpolation.svg b/slides/graphics-theory/interpolation.svg
index cd81372b..19c16eb6 100644
--- a/slides/graphics-theory/interpolation.svg
+++ b/slides/graphics-theory/interpolation.svg
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="-55 -230 1125 750">
<title>comparison of 1D and 2D interpolation</title>
- <desc>Comparison of nearest-neighbour, linear, cubic, bilinear and bicubic interpolation methods by CMG Lee. The black dots correspond to the point being interpolated, and the red, yellow, green and blue dots correspond to the neighbouring samples. Their heights above the ground correspond to their values.</desc>
+ <desc>Comparison of nearest-neighbor, linear, cubic, bilinear and bicubic interpolation methods by CMG Lee. The black dots correspond to the point being interpolated, and the red, yellow, green and blue dots correspond to the neighboring samples. Their heights above the ground correspond to their values.</desc>
<style type="text/css">
.floor { stroke:#eeeeee; fill:none; }
.graph_1 { stroke:#666666; fill:none; }
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
<circle cx="0" cy="0" r="99999" fill="#ffffff"/>
<g font-family="Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif" font-size="40" text-anchor="middle" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="5" stroke="none" fill="#000000">
<g id="nearest_1d" transform="translate(0,0)">
- <text transform="translate(150,0)" x="0" y="50"><tspan>1D nearest-</tspan><tspan x="0" dy="1em">neighbour</tspan></text>
+ <text transform="translate(150,0)" x="0" y="50"><tspan>1D nearest-</tspan><tspan x="0" dy="1em">neighbor</tspan></text>
<use xlink:href="#common_1d_2"/>
<path class="graph_1 plane_1" d="M 50,-100 h 100 v -100 h 100"/>
<g clip-path="url(#clip_graph)">
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
</g>
</g>
<g id="nearest_2d" transform="translate(0,380)">
- <text transform="translate(150,0)" x="0" y="80"><tspan>2D nearest-</tspan><tspan x="0" dy="1em">neighbour</tspan></text>
+ <text transform="translate(150,0)" x="0" y="80"><tspan>2D nearest-</tspan><tspan x="0" dy="1em">neighbor</tspan></text>
<use xlink:href="#common_2d_2"/>
<path class="graph_1 plane_2" d="M 10,-140 h 100 v -100 h 100"/>
<path class="graph_2" d="M 145,-30 l -40,-40 v -50 l -40,-40"/>
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